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Aluminous Cement

(Concrete Engineering) A hydraulic cement in which the principal constituents are calcium aluminates, instead of calcium silicates which comprise the major ingredients of portland cement. (See calcium aluminate cement)

Spall

(Concrete Engineering) A fragment, usually of flaky shape, detached from a larger mass by pressure, expansion from within the larger mass, a blow, or by the action of weather.

Blaine Fineness

(Concrete Engineering) The fineness of granular materials such as cement and pozzolan, expressed as total surface area in square centimeters per gram, determined by the Blaine air-permeability apparatus and procedure.

Plane of Weakness

(Concrete Engineering) The plane along which a structure under stress will tend to fracture; may exist because of the nature of the structure and its loading, by accident, or by design.

Water Vapor Pressure

(Concrete Engineering) The pressure exerted by water vapor. Air that contains higher amounts of water vapor exerts a higher vapor pressure than air which has a lower amount of has a higher water vapor pressure In concrete water vapor pressure is calculated by the difference between the vapor pressure of the concrete and the ambient relative humidity and temperature and in contact with the soil. that is calculated by; based upon relative humidity and temperature. The greater the difference between the water vapor and ambient humidity and temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit. the greater the water vapor pressure exerted.

Potential Energy:

(english) The energy stored in a raised object (e.g. the weights in a grandfather clock). Potential energy equals mgh, where m is mass, g is the acceleration of gravity, and h is the vertical distance from a reference location. It is called potential energy because the energy can be regained when the object is lowered. This type of potential energy is sometimes called gravitational potential energy in order to distinguish it from elastic potential energy: see elastic energy.

Rod (tamping) (ASTM C24l)

(Concrete Engineering) A round, straight steel rod, 5/8' in diameter and approximately 24' in length, having the tamping end rounded into a hemispherical tip, the diameter of which is 5/8'.

Vapor Pressure

(Concrete Engineering) The pressure exerted by a vapor that is calculated based upon relative humidity and temperature. The higher the humidity and higher temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit, the greater the vapor pressure exerted.

Sack

(Concrete Engineering) A quantity of cement: 94 Ibs. in the United States, 87.5 Ibs. in Canada, for portland or air entraining portland cement, or as indicated on the sack for other kinds of cement.

Stucco

(Concrete Engineering) A portland cement mortar material that can be applied to the surface of any building or structure to form a hard and durable covering for the exterior wails or other exterior surfaces.

Screen (or Sieve)

(Concrete Engineering) A metallic sheet or plate, woven wire cloth, or similar device, with regularly spaced openings of uniform size, mounted in a suitable frame or holder for use in separating material according to size.

Change of State

(Concrete Engineering) The process whereby liquid is heated to the point of evaporation changing the liquid into a gas the condensation of a gas on a cooler surface returning it from gaseous to liquid form.

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