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Pin connection:

(english) In two dimensions, a pin connection restrains two translation degrees of freedom but does not restrain rotation. Since the rotation degree of freedom is unrestrained at a pin connection, it transfers no moment.

Blast Cleaning (blasting)

(english) A process for cleaning or finishing metal objects by use of an air jet or centrifugal wheel that propels abrasive particles (grit, sand, or shot) against the surfaces of the workpiece at high velocity.

Autotrophic

(Environmental Engineering) Organisms which utilize inorganic carbon for synthesis of protoplasm. Ecologists narrow the definition further by requiring that autotrophs obtain their energy from the sun. In microbiologist parlance, this would be a photoautotroph. See photoautotrophic and chemoautotrophic.

Flocculant settling

(Environmental Engineering) Settling in which particle concentrations are sufficiently high that particle agglomeration occurs. This results in a reduction in the number of particles and an increase in average particle mass. As agglomeration occurs higher settling velocities result.

Structural model:

(english) An idealization for analysis purposes of a real or conceived structure. A structural model includes boundaries limiting the scope of the analysis. Supports occur at these boundaries, representing things which hold the structure in place.

Equivalent

(Environmental Engineering) The mass of the compound which will produce one mole of available reacting substance. Thus, for an acid, this would be the mass of acid which will produce one mole of H+, for a base, one mole of OH-.

Cement, Portland (ASTM C150) (Concrete Engineering)

A powdery substance made by burning, at a high temperature, a mixture of clay and limestone producing lumps called “clinkers” which are ground into a fine powder consisting of hydraulic calcium silicates. For non-portland cements, see aluminous cement.

Corrosive waste

(Environmental Engineering) A waste that is outside the pH range of 2 to 12.5 or a waste that corrodes steel at a rate greater than 6.35 mm (0.25 in) per year. One of EPA's four hazardous waste properties.

Backwardation

(english) Market condition where the spot, or current price for a metal is higher than the three-month delivery price. This usually indicates immediate demand is perceived to be stronger than long-term demand. Not considered to be a "normal" market state (See Contango).

Bearing Strength

(english) The maximum bearing load at failure divided by the effective bearing area. In a pinned or riveted joint, the iffective area is calculated as the product of the diameter of the hole and the thickness of the bearing member.

Unit Water Content

(Concrete Engineering) The quantity of water per unit volume of freshly mixed concrete, often expressed as gallons or pounds per cubic yard. This is the quantity of water on which the water cement ratio is based, and does not include water absorbed by the aggregate

Statically equivalent:

(english) Two force systems are statically equivalent when their resultants are equal. Physically, this means that the force systems tend to impart the same motion when applied to an object; note that the distribution of resulting internal forces in the object may be different.

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