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Ball Burnishing

(english) A method of obtaining a high luster on small parts by rotating them in a wooden-lined barrel with water, burnishing soap, and stainless steel shot.

Anaerobes

(Environmental Engineering) A group of organisms that do not require molecular oxygen. These organisms, as well as all known life forms, require oxygen. These organisms obtain their oxygen from inorganic ions such as nitrate or sulfate or from protein.

Brinell Hardness

(english) The hardness of a metal or part, as represented by the number obtained from the ratio between the load applied on the spherical area of the impression made by a steel ball forced into the surface of the material tested.

Autotrophic

(Environmental Engineering) Organisms which utilize inorganic carbon for synthesis of protoplasm. Ecologists narrow the definition further by requiring that autotrophs obtain their energy from the sun. In microbiologist parlance, this would be a photoautotroph. See photoautotrophic and chemoautotrophic.

Batch Anneal

(english) The process by which a large, stationary stack of steel coils (4 coils high) is subjected to a long heat-treating cycle. This process enables the cold-rolled sheet to fully recrystallize into the softest possible product conforming to customer specifications. Controlling the recrystallization process makes a fine-grained microstructure easy to obtain, and minimizes the tendencies for retention of directional properties of the rolled steel which could produce undesirable shapes in the stamping of a cylindrical part such as a can. Also see Anneal and Continuous Anneal.

Heterotrophic

(Environmental Engineering) A group of organisms which obtain carbon for synthesis from other organic matter or proteins.

Back Gears

(english) Gears fitted to a machine to increase the number of spindle speeds obtainable with a cone or step pulley belt drive.

Bright Dip

(english) An acid solution into which pieces are dipped in order to obtain a clean, bright surface.

Phototroph

(Environmental Engineering) Organisms which obtain energy from light using photooxidation.

Ottawa Sand

(Concrete Engineering) A sand used as a standard in testing hydraulic cements by means of mortar test specimens. Sand is produced by processing silica rock particles obtained by hydraulic mining of the orthoquartzite situated in open-pit deposits near Ottawa, Illinois; naturally rounded grains of nearly pure quartz.

Autotrophs

(Environmental Engineering) A group of organisms capable of obtaining carbon for synthesis from inorganic carbon sources such as carbon dioxide and its dissolved species (the carbonates). This group includes plants and algae.

Portland Blast- slag Cement Furnace (ASTM C 595)

(Concrete Engineering) The product obtained by intimately intergrinding or an intimate and uniform blending a mixture of granulated blast furnace slag and portland-cement clinker

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